Polimorfismo genético de interleuquina-1: Asociación con cáncer gástrico en la población de alto riesgo del Centroccidente de Venezuela

Resumen

Background: Genetic predisposition may play a role in the prevalence
of gastric cancer (GC). Aim: To investigate the relationship between selected interleukin-1 (IL-1) loci
polymorphisms and gastric cancer risk in the Central-Western region of Venezuela, where gastric
cancer represents the first cause of cancer-related deaths. Material and methods: In a case-control
study, we compared the frequencies of IL-1B-511 and IL-1B+3954 biallelic polymorphism, and the
pentallelic VNTR of IL-IRN in 84 gastric adenocarcinoma paraffin-embedded biopsies and 84
endoscopic biopsies from cancer-free controls. Results: No significant increase in genotypic
frequencies in gastric cancer was observed for any of the IL-1B-511 allelic combinations. However, in a
logistic regression analysis, a significant association emerged for the IL-1B+3954C carrier genotype
(odds ratio (OR): 6.2; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.3-28.8). On the other hand, a significantly
higher risk was evidenced for the IL-IRN*2/*2 genotype (OR: 7.0; 95% CI 2.3-21.5). Only patients with a
well/moderately-differentiated adenocarcinoma that were homozygotes for the IL-IRN*2/*2 genotype,
had a higher risk than the complete gastric cancer group (OR: 8.1, 95% CI 2.5-26.8). Some genotype
combinations among IL-1B-511, IL-1B+3954 and IL-IRN showed an increased risk for developing
gastric cancer and well/moderate differentiated adenocarcinoma, that was dependent of the presence
of IL-IRN*2/*2 genotype. Conclusions: IL-IRN*2/*2 genotype is associated with increased risk of gastric
cancer in the Venezuelan population