Manejo psicológico del paciente bariátrico antes y después de cirugía. Consenso Núcleo de Psicólogos de Cirugía de la Obesidad de Chile NPCO

Resumen

Background: Bariatric Surgery is the most effective alternative for weight reduction. However, weight regain is a serious problem. Therefore, pre and post-operative psychological management becomes relevant for these patients. Aim: To unify criteria about the psychological management patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Material and methods: A questionnaire about psychological practice in bariatric surgery was sent to 50 national expert psychologists, members of the Chilean Bariatric and Metabolic Society. When no agreement among them was achieved, the Delphi methodology was applied. Scores of 86% or greater were used to reach consensus. Results: The specialized clinical assessment is crucial for a good preoperative evaluation and to obtain and adequate compliance after surgery. Psychological interventions evolved towards a preparation process to achieve behavioral changes aiming to maintain good long term weight reduction results. Conclusions: The indications and recommendations emanating from this consensus generated a document that establishes minimum criteria and quality care standards, which should reduce mental health risks of bariatric surgery and enhance lifestyle changes.