Diseño y validación de un instrumento de medición de la carga académica de estudiantes de carreras de la salud

Resumen

Background: A high academic workload may have adverse consequences among university students. Aim: To design and validate an instrument to measure both real and perceived academic workload for health students. Material and methods: The questionnaire was designed based on a bibliographic revision and the conduction of two focus groups conformed by undergraduate students from a Faculty of Medicine. Afterwards, it was submitted to qualitative pre-tests. The final instrument consists of a self-applied questionnaire with both a characterization section (10 questions) and one concerning academic workload by subject and semester (five and two questions, respectively). A national and international panel of 14 experts evaluated the survey content’s validity. The analysis was performed according to the Content Validity Ratio and the Content Validity Index. Results: The complete instrument was validated with an 84% consensus between the judges. Both tests, when applied by sections, were approved with a 77% and a 94% agreement, respectively. Each question, after being individually analyzed by the judges, was validated. According to the expert panel commentaries, the wording of questions was improved. Conclusions: The proposed instrument constitutes a contribution for the measurement of real and perceived academic workload for students.